The Nile River is the backbone of Egypt’s water resources system, supporting water supply, navigation, and agriculture activities. However, the hydraulic performance of the river has been increasingly affected by sedimentation, channel instability, encroachments, changes in flow regimes, and climate variability. These pressures reduce river conveyance capacity, alter water levels and flow distribution, increase flood and inundation risks in vulnerable reaches, and affect the efficiency and safety of hydraulic structures and river operations. Maintaining the hydraulic capacity of the Nile while restoring its environmental functions has become a major challenge for water managers. River restoration today extends beyond ecological rehabilitation to include improving channel conveyance, optimizing flow conditions, enhancing flood resilience, stabilizing riverbanks, managing sediment dynamics, and restoring secondary channels and floodplains to improve overall river functionality. This session will bring together hydraulic engineers, river scientists, water managers, policymakers, and international experts to discuss innovative approaches for assessing and restoring river systems using field measurements, hydrographic surveys, hydraulic and hydrodynamic modelling, remote sensing, digital twins, artificial intelligence, and decision-support tools. Particular emphasis will be placed on understanding the interactions between river morphology, water levels, discharges, sediment transport, channel capacity, floodplain connectivity, and inundation patterns under current and future hydrological conditions.